white1998

/by

White, Bob W.:
Modernity’s Spiral : Popular Culture, Mastery, and the Politics of dance Music in Congo-Kinshasa.
Ph.D. McGill University, Montréal, 1998. 564 p

CONTENTS

Preface ii
Acknowledgements vi
Dedication xi
Abstracts xii
List of Figures xiii

Part One
Setting the Stage

Introduction
Notes From Modentityland 1
Music and ‘Modernity’
From Noise to Popular Culture
Politics in the Mix
The Methodology of Writing
Structure of the Thesis

Chapter One
Popular Culture and Politics 33
Theoretical Paths Not Taken
– Variations on a Popular Theme
– What Popular Culture Is Not
– What Popular Culture Is
Popular Culture and Politics
– “The Turn to Gramsci”
– Practice and Performance
– “Modernity” and the Public Sphere
Anthropology and the Fear of Popular Culture

Chapter Two
Mediating the Colonial 59
No History Without Problems
Studying the African City
From Nsasa to “Kin La Belle”
– Looking for Leopoldviile (1910-1933)
– Carving Out a Space in the City (1933-1945)
– The Emergence of an African Public Sphere (1945-1960)
– The City as a Symbolic Space
Cultural Politics and the Politics of Culture
– Les Petits Blancs
– The Politics of Sexuality
– Masking Ethnicity
Mediating the Colonial Experience

Part Two
The Transformation of Typigue

Chapter Three
Genres and Styles 113
Popular Music and Genre
– La Musique Moderns
– Le Folklore
– La Musique Religieuse
Three Generations
– Tango Ya BaWendo
– The Big Rumba Period
– La Nouvelle Vague
Two “Schools”
Congo-Zaire’s Invisible Innovation
– L‘Animation
– Atalaku, Animaieur
– Dances and Shouts
The Re-indigenization Thesis

Chapter Four
Made in Zaire 157
Overview of the Industry
– “Modern” Music Industry
– – Commercial Sponsorship
– – Intellectual Property and Copyrights
– – Media and other Para-Institutions
– – Problems With Producers
– The Bottom Falls Out

Too Many Intermediaries, Too Few Brokers
– “Official” Outlets
– Pirates and Re-Distributors
– – Fighting Pirates with Fire
– – The Re-Distributors
– – “We Eat Behind the Musicians”
– – Music Finances Other Activities
Cultural Brokers and Political Economies

Part Three
On Being in Music

Chapter Five
Strange and Wonder-ful Place 212
Musicians are Liminai-Critical Characters
– Power and Praise
– Musicians and Social Mobility
Distinction and Personal Power
– “La Frime” as Conscious Strategy
– The Peak of Chic and the Esthetics of Big Pants
– The “Star Complex” and Less Conscious Gesturing
Rumors and the Intimate Public

Chapter Six
Becoming a Musician 259
Becoming a Popular Musician
Trajectories of Fame
Women in Music
Learning to Play
Mundele Atalaku
– Scoop and Shake
– I’ll Be Ready on Tuesday
From a Position of Privilege

Chapter Seven
Ndule 296
Practice is Performance
Big Stars En Concert
– The Anatomy of a Song
– Dancing and Shouting
Blurring the Barrier
Picturetaking and Spraying
Praising and “Throwing”

Chapter Eight
The Micropotitics of Music 352
Micropolitlcs and the Ethnography of Power
A Band is a Hierarchy
– General(‘s) Meetings
– Hierarchy is Elastic
Splintering and the “Chef” Complex
– Why Groups Splinter
– The “Chef” Complex
Singing the Sponsor
Good Chef, Bad Chef

Part Four
The Meaning of Music

Chapter Nine
Live Texts 408
Lyrics as Live Texts
Thematics in Popular Music
– The Politics of Love Songs
– Thematic Signposts
– – Always Love, Never Just Love
– – Preachers and Potions
– – Who Will Cry For Me When I Die?
– – Knowing and Being Known in the Big City
– – The Social Geography of Money
– Thematic Tropes
Genres as Live Texts
– Dialogues I: Music Divides
– Dialogues II: Music Unites
– The Flexibility of Texts

Chapter Ten
Modernity’s Spiral 467
Versioning “Modernity”
– The Feeling of “Modernity” in Kinshasa
– Winking in the Midst of Adversity
The Tangled Dance of “Tradi-Modemity”
– The Art of Love
– Urban Ethnicity
– Anchoring the Self
“Tradition” and “Modernity” Objectified
– Modem Things Come in Twos
– Magic and “’Modernity’s” Incompleteness
– The Amazing “Modernity” Machine
Modernity’s Spiral

Coda: “Modernity” and Mastery 510

References Cited 539
Recordings Cited 545
Interviews Cited 545

Appendicies
Appendix I: Glossary of Terms 548
AppendixII: The Wenge Musica Affair, by Emile Kasongo 549
Appendix III: E-mail communication from John Grinling 553
Appendix IV: Not Just Love, by J.P.Busé and  Bob White 558
Appendix V: Listening Guide for “‘Modernity’s Spiral” (audio cassette) 561

wheeler1999 white2008

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